What Is the Role of a Criminologist?

In the aftermath of a mass shooting or an assassination attempt, understanding the reasons behind it is just as important as understanding the mechanics of the crime itself. Law enforcement agencies know that criminal motivations are a precursor to criminal acts; however, comprehending the complexities surrounding criminal intent requires specialized skills and knowledge.

Criminologists play a critical role in understanding criminal behavior, analyzing crime patterns, and shaping policies that help reduce crime rates and improve public safety. Their work is essential to law enforcement professionals, as well as the criminal justice, public policy, and social sciences disciplines.

In this article, we’ll examine a criminologist’s job role and responsibilities, then we’ll provide a step-by-step guide that details how to become a criminologist, including the most relevant degree type to pursue. We’ll also provide criminologist salary and job outlook information.

Criminologist Job Description

Criminologists are experts in the study of crime and criminal behavior. They use research methods and data analysis to understand why crimes occur, who commits them, and how society can prevent criminal behavior.

Criminologists study various aspects of crime, including psychological, sociological, and environmental factors that influence criminal actions. They work closely with criminal justice professionals, policymakers, and other stakeholders to help create safer communities and more effective crime prevention strategies.

Due to crime’s prevalence and the numerous forms crime takes, criminologists often work in various settings, depending on their specialization and employer. Common work environments for criminologists include the following:

• Academic and research institutions
• Government agencies
• Private research firms
• Nonprofit organizations
• Consulting agencies

Furthermore, criminologists can work in various sectors, including law enforcement; corrections; public policy; academia; social services; private security; and the government, such as the FBI, U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), and U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS).

Criminologist Duties and Responsibilities

A criminologist’s job involves various tasks related to the study and analysis of crime, including the following:

• Conducting research and analyzing crime data to identify patterns and trends
• Studying criminal behavior and examining the effects of factors such as socioeconomic status, mental health, and cultural influences
• Developing crime prevention strategies based on research and data
• Evaluating the effectiveness of policies and laws related to criminal justice, and suggesting reforms
• Publishing research findings in academic journals and presenting at conferences
• Teaching and mentoring students in criminology and criminal justice programs
• Consulting with policymakers and criminal justice professionals in shaping public policy

How to Become a Criminologist

Becoming a criminologist requires a combination of education, research skills, and a deep understanding of the criminal justice system.

Step 1: Earn a Bachelor’s Degree

The first step in becoming a criminologist is earning a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice, criminology, sociology, or a related field. These programs provide the foundational knowledge necessary for pursuing a career in criminology.

Step 2: Gain Experience Through Internships

While pursuing a degree, students should seek out internships or volunteer opportunities with law enforcement agencies, research institutions, or advocacy organizations. Gaining hands-on experience in the field helps develop skills and build a network of professional contacts.

Step 3: Earn a Master’s Degree (Optional)

While a bachelor’s degree is often enough to meet the requirements for entry-level positions, criminologists must often pursue a master’s and doctorate degree in criminal justice, criminology, sociology, or a related field to advance their careers. An advanced degree provides more in-depth knowledge of criminology theory, research methodologies, and specialized areas.

Step 4: Gain Professional Work Experience

Entry-level positions in criminology, criminal justice, or law enforcement provide practical experience in applying criminological theories and research in real-world settings.

Many criminologists begin their careers as research assistants, policy analysts, or data analysts for government agencies or nonprofit organizations. Learning why criminal justice is important isn’t enough; professionals must put this knowledge to practical use in real-world settings.

Step 5: Consider a Doctoral Degree (Optional for Research and Academic Careers)

For those interested in academic or advanced research roles, pursuing a Ph.D. in criminology, criminal justice or a related field may be necessary. A doctoral degree allows students to conduct original research, teach at the university level, and contribute to scholarly work in the field of criminology.

6. Continue Professional Development

Criminology is a dynamic field; therefore; it’s important to stay up to date with the latest research, trends, and technologies. Consider joining professional organizations, attending conferences, and participating in continuing education courses to stay informed and explore career opportunities.

Criminologist Salary and Job Outlook

Factors such as job experience, education, region, and employer directly influence criminologists’ salaries. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median annual salary for sociologists and related fields, including criminologists, was $101,770 in 2023. However, those in the top 10% earned upward of $165,000.

Demand for criminologists is expected to steadily increase as the need for criminal justice reform, crime prevention, and law enforcement strategies continues to grow. The BLS projects that employment in the field of sociology, including criminology, will grow by 7% between 2023 to 2033, faster than the average growth rate of 4% for other occupations.

Support Your Community and Law Enforcement as a Criminologist

Criminologists play a vital role in understanding crime and developing prevention strategies. By analyzing criminal behavior, studying societal influences, and shaping public policies, criminologists help make communities safer while supporting law enforcement.

Individuals interested in a career in criminology should consider the online Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice degree completion program offered at East Carolina University®️. The program provides the foundational knowledge needed to pursue advanced education and opportunities in criminology. Coursework includes the following:

• Principles of criminal law
• Problems and issues in criminal justice
• Crime and criminality
• Correctional systems
• How to apply evidence-based research into practice
• Gender, race, and special populations in the criminal justice system

Whether you’re passionate about research, criminal justice reform, or public safety, a career as a criminologist offers the chance to make a lasting impact on society. Find out how ECU can support your professional goals.

Recommended Readings

Criminal Justice Careers and Outlook in NC

Criminology vs. Criminal Justice: Differences and Similarities

What Can You Do With a Criminal Justice Degree?

Sources:

Indeed, “Criminologist Job Description: Top Duties and Qualifications”

Indeed, “How Do You Become a Criminologist?”

Indeed, “What Are Criminologist Skills? (Definitions and Examples)”

Indeed, “What Is a Criminologist? (With Sample Job Description)”

International Association of Crime Analysts, Certified Law Enforcement Analyst (CLEA)

National Board for Certified Counselors, National Certified Counselor (NCC)

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Sociologists